Iran-backed Houthi forces launched fresh missile and drone strikes targeting the Saudi capital Riyadh and energy facilities, marking another escalation in the renewed Yemen conflict, even as U.S. President Donald Trump has declined to authorize American military participation in strikes against the group.

Saudi-led coalition forces reported intercepting multiple ballistic missiles in recent days. On September 19, a missile aimed at Riyadh was destroyed, though thick black smoke rose from fuel tanks near King Khalid International Airport after a fire at an Aramco depot. Flights faced temporary disruptions. Houthis claimed they hit “sensitive sites” in the capital and Aramco facilities in the Red Sea port of Yanbu using ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, and drones, describing the operation as retaliation for Saudi airstrikes on Sanaa.

A further round of claims followed on September 24. Houthis said they struck a “sensitive target” in Riyadh and Aramco sites in Yanbu again, while Saudi authorities reported intercepting six ballistic missiles directed at Taif and the Yanbu area. No major casualties were confirmed in the capital strikes, though earlier southern attacks had injured dozens.

These incidents represent some of the first direct threats to Riyadh itself since fighting intensified earlier this year, following Houthi advances along the Red Sea coast and control of key points near the Bab al-Mandab Strait. Saudi air defenses have repeatedly thwarted attempts on civilian and energy infrastructure in cities including Taif, Bisha, Farasan, and Yanbu.

In Washington, President Trump has resisted calls for direct U.S. involvement. After consultations with advisers and discussions with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who sought American support, Trump ultimately decided against ordering airstrikes on Houthi targets. Officials indicated concern over opening another front amid ongoing tensions with Iran and a prior understanding under which Houthis agreed not to target U.S. vessels. Trump has emphasized communication with the group remains open and that they have indicated they do not want to fight the United States.

The decision leaves Saudi Arabia and its Yemeni government allies largely managing the response through their own airstrikes and defenses. Analysts note the risk of further disruption to energy supplies and regional shipping lanes as the conflict continues without a broader de-escalation.

The situation remains fluid, with both sides exchanging accusations of aggression and no immediate signs of a comprehensive ceasefire covering the full scope of hostilities.